Bone marrow aspiration is a diagnostic method that aims to observe the condition of the contents of the bone marrow, in order to detect a number of blood disorders, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are initial cells before experiencing development and change into red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets (platelets) are mature. When blood cells from stem cells mature, blood cells will come out of the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body. Bone marrow is taken as a sample in order to find out the condition of the stem cells. By sampling bone marrow contents, various blood disorders can be diagnosed accurately.
Indications for Bone Marrow Aspiration
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is done when a patient has signs of a blood disorder, which can be a decrease in the number of one or all three blood cells, or even increase in number. The ups and downs of blood cell counts can be seen from symptoms, or from the initial examination of a complete blood count and smear of peripheral blood cells.
BMP can also be done to see the infection and spread of cancer to the bone marrow. In addition, BMP is done before you undergo a bone marrow transplant or stem cells (stem cells).
Some types of diseases that require BMP as a method of diagnosis include:
- Aplastic anemia
- Myelodysplasia Syndrome (MDS)
- Mielofibrosis
- Polycythemia
- Haemochromatosis
- Gaucher's Disease
- Amyloidosis
- Blood cancer, such as leukemia or multiple myeloma
- Lymphoma (lymphoma)
- Fungal infections
- Tuberculosis
Warning Bone Marrow Aspiration
In general, bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is a safe procedure for patients. However, bone marrow aspiration may still cause complications, such as:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- An allergic reaction to the anesthetic
- Pain in BMP locations
Bone marrow aspiration preparation
There is no specific preparation for patients who will undergo bone marrow aspiration. Inform your doctor if you are taking certain medications and if you suffer from allergies. If necessary, the doctor will ask the patient to temporarily stop taking medication.
If you are afraid when you are about to undergo a procedure, tell your doctor that you can be helped to overcome the fear. If needed, the doctor can give sedatives to help patients stay calm.
During preparation, the doctor will monitor the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, to ensure the patient is ready for the procedure.
Bone Marrow Aspiration Procedure
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) procedures are usually performed by specialists in internal medicine, especially medical hematology and oncology consultants (KHOM). The skin in the area to be performed by BMP will be cleaned first using an antiseptic, then the patient will be anesthetized using local anesthesia.
After the location of the BMP becomes numb, the doctor will then thrust a pen-sized needle into the skin and penetrate the patient's bones. Even though the area is numb, the patient will feel discomfort when the needle is pressed and pulled. The contents of the patient's bone marrow are aspirated through a needle and stored for further analysis by a doctor. After the procedure is finished, the skin is covered with a sterile bandage and kept dry for 48 hours.
The area of bone for bone marrow aspiration is usually the back of the pelvis (around the buttocks). Bone marrow aspiration can also sometimes be done in the breastbone. In children, bone marrow aspiration is usually done in the shins.
After Bone Marrow Aspiration
Patients can feel pain or ache at the site of bone marrow aspiration (BMP) for several days. To relieve post aspiration pain, patients will be given pain medication. Patients must also be careful about treating wounds due to needle aspiration puncture. Wounds caused by bone marrow aspiration must be kept dry for 48 hours to avoid infection. The results of the BMP will be completed in a few days to 1 week, and will be discussed with the doctor in the next meeting.
Komentar
Posting Komentar